The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized that to further deepen reform comprehensively, we should regard economic structural reform as the spearhead, and greater social fairness and justice and increased wellbeing of the people as our ultimate objectivesTo achieve the modernization of common prosperity for all, it is essential to enhance efficiency in achieving fairnessUnder the ideal conditions of a perfectly competitive market, it is possible to unify efficiency and fairnessHowever, in the case of market failure and individual differences, fairness is an issue of social values, while efficiency is a scientific issue based on social valuesThe values embedded in Chinese modernization are peoplecentered and guided by common prosperity for allIn order to effectively realize the goals of social welfare determined by social values, the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed a series of policies to build a highstandard socialist market economy, implement a distribution approach oriented toward social values, eliminate externalities from economic management, and solidly promote common prosperity for all in the context of highquality development.

In the administrative contract system, the grassrootslevel governments are faced with three layers of difficulty in governanceThese difficulties prevent the grassrootslevel governments from effectively responding to peoples different needsCentering on the question of “what is the driving mechanism for the improvement of the responsiveness of grassrootslevel governments from the perspective of platformbased government?”, this article takes the reform of the Beijing swift response to public complaints as an example to construct a theoretical framework on the platformbased contract system from the dimension of statesociety relationshipIn analyzing the total number of 2 167 telephone questionnaires, this study finds that the platformbased contract system improves the responsiveness of grassrootslevel governments through the mechanisms of empowerment, motivation, and supervision, and that the reform of the administrative contract system has been accomplished in the contracting process and structure through the platformIn this process, the governmental platform and public opinions have been successfully integrated.

Urban villages are formed in the process of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization with the characteristics of both urban and rural structuresThese double structures form a common problem facing the governance and highquality development of major cities, and has affected the process of Chinesestyle modernizationUnder the background of modernizing Chinese urban governance, the renovation of urban villages should be guided by the concept of peoples city, and the reform of the systems and mechanisms for the construction, operation, and governance of urban villages should be deepened along the main line of institutional building to promote the modernization of the governing system and capacity of urban villages“Governing a community through property management”is an important practice for establishing a sustainable model for the renovation of urban villages and an innovative choice for the transformation of urban development in China from“planning cities”“building cities”to“operating cities”“governing cities”in the context of urban village transformationFrom the perspective of modernizing urban governance and the practical process of urbanvillage renovation, the propertymanagementbased governance of urbanvillage communities can be divided into the models of integrated service of both renovation and operation mode, provision of property service through market, and villageenterprise cooperationDifferent models reflect different choices made by urban villages to meet their current demands for the modernization of urban governance.

Zhang Taiyan is one of the most representative guoxue scholars from the late Qing to the era of the Republic of ChinaHe took history, canonical systems and iconic figures as the main contents of Chinese guoxue studies, and emphasized the importance of guoxue in establishing Chinese peoples cultural selfconfidence and national identityAs a result, he engaged in heated debates with such scholars as Kang Youwei, Wu Zhihui, and Wang Guowei on the approaches to Chinese guoxue studies, the characteristics of Chinese academics, and the establishment of cultural confidence, which show the richness of his view on guoxue and make the establishment of a modern nation as the core demand in his advocacy of Chinese guoxue studies.

In examining the emergence of Chinese guoxue in the beginning of the 20th Century and the turning point of its development in 1920s, this article finds that Chinese guoxue reflects the efforts to establish the study of archaic China made by the earliest groups of Chinese scholars traveling to Japan to study after the SinoJapanese war in 1895, who were strongly influenced by the trends promoting Japanese national pride of its own culture and the study of archaic JapanWhat differentiates Chinese from Japanese guoxue is that Chinese guoxue considered the Qing rule as the other in its initial phase, while Japanese guoxue regarded classical Chinese scholarship as the otherNeither Japanese nor Chinese guoxue promoters argued strongly against the western influencesIn 1920s, Hu Shi, representative of a group of likeminded Chinese scholars, redefined guoxue as an academic field studying all the materials related to Chinas past with the guidance of modern scientific way of categorizing and arranging knowledgeFollowing this trend of scientifically arranging knowledge related to Chinas past, guoxue institutes appeared in Beijing and other places in China from 1920s and this initiated the modernization of traditional Chinese learning.

In the process of deconstructing and reconstructing traditional Kangaku in modern Japan, the saying of Kangaku innovation has been advocated repeatedly by the scholars of Chinese classics, which resulted in an intellectual selfreflection bound to occur throughout East Asia on the way to modernity, a reflection of the ideological changes in the process of social transition periodVarious ideas of Kangaku innovation were raised from different standpoints, yet most of those ideas shared some common characteristics, such as their emphasis on the studies of words, language, and classic works with positivist methodologies, on one hand, and the abandonment of metaphysical interpretative or annotative study of classical texts by critical reading, on the otherThe reconstruction of Kangaku reflects the pursuit of practicality in modern Japan, but the different visions of the Kangaku innovation show a tendency to standardize Kangaku as a sort of classical study of specific region in a narrow senseCompared to those sayings, the assumption of classicology raised by Ryūkichi Endō emphasized more about spiritual cultivation and moral development, which can also provide a meaningful reference to the construction of classical discipline in presentday China.

Qi is a Chinese concept used here to analyze social relations for the purpose of constructing and enriching the theoretical structure of Chinese sociologyQi has its positive and negative aspectsPositive qi is an important force in maintaining harmony and stability, while negative qi takes different forms in a changing environment and has negative effect on social relationshipAs a case study on the events occurring in a village of western Jiangxi this article analyzes justified qi, resentful qi and angry qi in qis rural setting, and discusses the transforming mechanism driving group members to actTo reduce the tension in changes of rural social relations, it is necessary to avoid the spread of seemingly justified qi causing violent actions, to release resentful qi and to manage, regulate, and control collective angry qi in order to reduce the risk of possible social conflicts.

Since the 21st century, Government-Guided Funds(GGFs)have emerged as a key policy instrument for central and local governments to shape industrial distribution and drive highquality economic growthThis study examines the role of GGFs in influencing the spatial distribution of hightech manufacturing industries, drawing on citylevel data on land leasing from 2007 to 2020The empirical results indicate that the establishment of GGFs significantly promotes the land resource allocation for hightech manufacturing projects, with the impact being particularly pronounced in cities with strong hightech industrial foundations, high levels of industrial clustering, and the presence of nationallevel development zonesThis study also finds that GGFs lead to a more diversified and homogeneous distribution of new hightech investment projects across citiesWhile these results highlight the positive role of GGFs in promoting the industrial distribution of hightech manufacturing, they also underscore the potential risks of repetitive projects and excessive homogeneity in local industrial planningThese findings may provide some insights and policy recommendations to improve the effectiveness of GGFs in fostering sustainable industrial development.

As a specialized entity, institutions of big data management represent not only a modern interpretation and extension of bureaucratic theory, but also a profound selfreform and transformation of governments in the digital eraAgainst the backdrop of governmental digital transformation, this study employs the urban panel data to examine the impact and mechanisms of institutional specialization on government information disclosureThe findings reveal that the establishment of the institutions of big data management significantly enhances the level of governmental information disclosure, with the mechanisms of platform building and capacity enhancement serving as key explanatory factorsFurthermore, the effect varies according to different regional distributions and institutional typesThe effect is more noticeable in northeastern regions and central cities, and better in departments established through restructuring or new formations than in those merely rebranded unitsThe institutions of big data management play a critical role in optimizing governmental structures and functions, serving as a driving force for advancing information disclosure and enhancing the effectiveness of governance.

The digital transformation of Chinas public sector has entered a stage characterized by topdown leadership and guided by strategic designs and institutionalized plansAnalyzing and refining the effective working mechanisms of leading agencies for digital transformation at various levels and in different regions, and enhancing creative execution capabilities through comparison, mutual learning, and dynamic optimization are essential for supporting the implementation and effectiveness of the overall Digital China StrategyThis study examines the preparation, establishment, and continuous work of a leading agency for digital transformation in a prefecturelevel city over the recent three yearsDrawing on the efficiencylegitimacy theory from neoinstitutionalism and the synthesis of existing literature and empirical observations, the study presents three theoretical propositions organized into distinct phasesThe study then conducts a longitudinal case analysis of multisource and dynamic qualitative materials to test the explanatory power of the theoretical propositions regarding the evolution of the leading agencys working mechanismsThe analysis identifies the connections among different working mechanisms, the external environment, and key organizational events, and explores the conditions under which different working mechanisms are applicable as well as the factors that trigger their transformation.

Confronted by todays myriad imminent global human crises and the predicaments of global governance, we must break the barriers of interests and ideologies and enhance cultural recognition and unity, on the one hand, and uphold the basic concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and think about the construction of a new governing system, on the otherTo this end, we need to establish the ontological status of the world and recognize the world as a subject of rights to pursue the greatest common interest of all humankindThe practice of a community with a shared future for mankind requires the formation of a unified political community based on a democratic and republican system, so as to realize the creative transformation from an ancient political unification to a modern political unificationIn addition, in terms of values, we should go beyond the binary opposition of communitybased standard and individualbased standard, and lay a real ethical foundation for a human community with a shared destiny through the integration of individuals and the community, so as to realize their coevolutionThis is the civilizational dimension of the world harmony that we hope for.

The spectator plays a very important role in Hume's moral philosophyCarrying Humes philosophical ideals of promoting moral practice, this character was Humes creation after the The Spectator magazine wellknown in the 18th centuryIn Humes early thought, the spectator is seen as an observational position introducing experimental methods into the science of human or moral philosophy, a reflection of Humes attempt to break the explanatory frameworks of early modern theology and metaphysics in order to construct new ideasHume highlights the moral evaluation function of the spectator in his revised An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, aiming to explore an effective empirical path for the construction of moral principles based on altruismFor this reason, to systematically examine the spectator is particularly important for a deeper understanding of Humes moral philosophy and the science of human.

In the era of technoscience, science is no longer a pure truthseeking subject based on academic interests (Mode 1)Instead, it is more manifested as a grasp of complex reality based on the context of application (Mode 2)According to Mode 1, the goal of complexity science is to uncover universal laws behind complex phenomena, with a theoretical primacy and an aim to achieve a new scientific unificationAccording to Mode 2, complexity science is a response to the behavior of various complex systems based on the context of application, with a practical primacy and an emphasis on interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary collaborationAs a whole, contemporary complexity science is more inclined to take the technoscientific form of Mode 2 and continuously helps produce scientific breakthroughs.

The technologypolitics relation is a key issue in the philosophies of technology. Compared to the popular micro and mesolevel studies, an intellectual review that may be considered slightly too grand is far from outdatedThis approach reveals an intellectual map formed in the historical development of the technologypolitics cognitive structure, a map with the contents of “technical craftsmanship being external to the good governance of the premodern polis”,“technical rationality being dependent on the political commitment of modernity”,“technocracy being subject to the political criticism of antimodernity”,and“technical governance being internal to the postmodern construction of biopolitics”. A review as such is not far from the reality of technical change, which not only depicts their contemporary form, but also obtains a reflexive prism to reveal the reality of the technologypolitics structure characterized by the tension between public politics and technical citizenship, between technical liberalism and technical leviathan, between opposition and defense of technocracy, and between technical governance and biopoliticsIn reconsidering the relationship of science and technology, such review provides a philosophical aspect for the understanding of the current relationship between technology and politics.