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• 2025 Volume 39 Issue 5
  Published: 15 September 2025

    

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  On the Historical Logic of the Continuity of Chinese Civilization: An Examination Centered on the Zhou-Qin Transition

  ZHANG Zheng1, ZHAO Dehao2

  2025, 39(5): 1-11.

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  The origins of civilization in China can be traced back to prehistoric times, but the conceptual structure and narrative framework of civilizational continuity were not formally established until after the transition from the Shang to the Zhou dynastyHowever, the institutional model of the Zhou dynasty, centered on the feudal system based on clanbased enfeoffment, exhibited a trend of selfweakening over historical development, ultimately leading to an institutional crisis in its evolutionAlthough the hegemonic system led by powerful feudal states temporarily supported the clanbased order through alliances, it failed to propose a new institutional model and theoretical framework for the development of a civilizationThe Qin dynasty successfully incorporated the unified world into an integrated institutional structure by establishing a centralized state characterized by the imperial system and a strict household registration systemThe Han dynasty further provided theoretical justification for the Qin state system through the establishment of statesanctioned Confucianism, thereby completing the institutional evolution initiated during the ZhouQin transitionThe historical transformation during the ZhouQin period achieved the integration of state formation and civilizational developmentThe historical trajectory of the ZhouQin transition reflects a model in which civilizational continuity was realized through transformations in state structures, forming the historical logic behind the remarkable continuity of Chinese civilization.
  

  
  
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  To Consciously Forge a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation and Promote Its Establishment Comprehensively

  WANG Yanzhong

  2025, 39(5): 12-22.

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  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), General Secretary Xi Jinping has clearly put forward the major assertion of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and defined it as the main line of the Partys ethnic work and all work in ethnicminorityinhabited areas in the new eraAs the guiding principle for the Partys ethnic work in the new era, this assertion is a major theoretical and practical achievement of the PartyIt is the result of the Party adhering to the“two combinations”, focusing on the“two overall situations,”deeply summarizing the experience and lessons of ethnic work at home and abroad, and profoundly examining the developmental trend of the community of Chinese nationThis assertion has enriched and developed Marxist ethnic theory, played a fundamental role in the formation of General Secretary Xi Jinpings important thought on strengthening and improving ethnic work, consolidated and expanded the correct path of solving ethnic problems with Chinese characteristics, and pointed out the forward direction for the highquality development of the Partys ethnic work in the new era. This paper summarizes and combs the development of this major assertion, comprehensively analyzes its scientific connotation and main content, reveals the internal logic and great significance between the abovementioned connotation and content, and points out the basic principles, key tasks, and basic requirements for implementing the forging of a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and promoting its constructionAccurately grasping the scientific connotation and task requirements of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation is a prerequisite for earnestly implementing General Secretary Xi Jinpings important thought on strengthening and improving ethnic work.
  

  
  
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  Bordering and Grounding: The Modernization of Ethnic Frontier Regions and the Construction of the Community for the Chinese Nation in Synergy

  YAN Qing1, LI Xin2

  2025, 39(5): 23-36.

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  Affected by the differences in the resource endowments and the location conditions, the imbalance of regional development is a common problem in the modernization of a country with vast territories and large populationsThe border areas where ethnic groups live represent typical examples of regional developmental imbalance in China, and the Communist Party of China and the state have paid much attention to the stability and of these areasBased on the characteristics of“geographical marginality”and“difficulty in development”of Chinas border areas where ethnic groups live, this article provides a solution to the problem of imbalance and insufficiency in the agenda of modernization of the border areas where ethnic groups live and the construction of the community for the Chinese nation, explains the relationship between unbalanced modernization and the construction of the community for the Chinese nation, and considers the way to reconstruct the idea of“the dynamic growth point—adaptive path—systematic synergy”to explore the evolution of the border from the“governing end”to the“value front”The modernization of Chinas border areas where ethnic groups live needs to take the nonequilibrium layout to drive the overall coordination and promotion of the whole region.
  

  
  
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  On the Dual-Pathway Mechanism that Drives the Modernization of Employment and Industrial Structures among China's Ethnic Groups

  DUAN Chengrong1, 2, ZHOU Siyao1, WU Xiwei1

  2025, 39(5): 37-49.

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  China's ethnic groups have advanced the modernization of employment and industrial structures through a process that is collective, compressed, and multimodal, traits that lie beyond prevailing Western theoriesWe develop a countybounded dualpathway framework that distinguishes exsitu (outofcounty) from insitu (withincounty) employment and tests it with microdata based on the 19902020 population censusesReinforced by the implementation of the strategy for the eastern region to take the lead in development, and the Western Development strategy, the crossregional employment surged, accelerating the modernization via the exsitu pathwayIn the regions where ethnic groups live, the economy capitalized on the consumptionupgrading spillovers from the eastIt expanded tertiarysector demand and vertical supplychain integration and fostered a serviceled growth route and propelled insitu upgradingThe factor decomposition shows the exsitu and insitu pathways contribute roughly 40 percent and 60 percent, respectively, to the overall employment and industrial modernizationThis dualpathway mechanism aims to promote regional convergence and offer a distinctly Chinese blueprint for inclusive growth in a multiethnic state by accelerating industrial modernization, promoting diversity, and eliminating interethnic disparities.
  

  
  
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  Analysis on Forging a Strong Sense of Community forthe Chinese Nation from the Perspective of Civilization

  SONG Youwen, WANG Jiayi

  2025, 39(5): 50-58.

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  From the perspective of civilization, forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation can be carried out from three aspects: ontological, methodological, and axiologicalAt the ontological level, a sense of community for the Chinese nation is an active reflection of the existence of the objective society of community for the Chinese nation in peoples mindsIt is the selfawareness of the development of community for the Chinese nation from unconsciousness to consciousness, and it is also the selfawareness of the unique way for Chinese civilizationIt answers the question of “what is civilization”At the methodological level, “the second combination” integrates Marxist ethnic theory with fine traditional Chinese culture, which is the basic experience of solving ethnic issues with Chinese characteristics, the inherent meaning of building a sense of belonging for the Chinese nation, and an effective method for promoting the allround integration of all ethnic groupsIt answers the question of “how to make a civilization” At the axiological level, forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation builds an inclusive  paradigm of civilization in enriching the ethnic discourse, accumulates broad ethnic forces in creating the Chinese path to modernization, and builds a new form of human advancement in transcending Western ethnic theoriesIt answers the question of “why does a civilization matter？”
  

  
  
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  On the Theoretical Logic and Practical Exploration of Constructing Circulation for a Stable Supply System with Chinese Characteristics

  XIE Lijuan1, ZHANG Pengyu1, WANG Xiaodong1, 2

  2025, 39(5): 59-74.

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  The construction of a circulation system for stable supply with Chinese characteristics is a crucial initiative to safeguard the new pattern of development with the new security architecture, while plays a vital role in enhancing public welfareThis article proposes that while Chinas important system of commodity supply emphasizes the security of production supply, it should also emphasize that of circulationThe circulation system for stable supply with Chinese characteristics comprises logisticsbased supply, reserves, and transportation, as well as the stable, spontaneous, and routine commercial supply in marketoriented operationsThis study focuses on essential consumer goods for daily meals and seasonal needsThe former has established a practice for emergency dominated by the government with participation from entities of various ownership in reserve and transportationThe latter, exemplified by some stateowned enterprises, integrates the supply functions with marketoriented commodity operations, reflecting the advantages of Chinas basic economic systemTo advance the circulation system for stable supply, it is necessary not only to build a mechanism of reserve regulation and a transportation system for both daily and emergent purposes, but also to emphasize the supply functions in commodity operations, enhance digital empowerment for identifying peoples needs, guide the optimization of production supply, and strengthen the selfoperation capabilities of supply enterprises.
  

  
  
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  On the Varieties of Global Digital Economy and Its Governing Path under the Backdrop of Conflict and Cooperation：Taking China and the United States as Examples

  WU Xin

  2025, 39(5): 75-87.

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  In the era of rapid development of the digital economy, the expansion of technology and capital requires the establishment of a borderless global spaceHowever, due to the differences in social structure, institution, policy and other factors, the digital economy has formed different“varieties”in different regions leading to due conflicts and confrontationsThe SinoUS trade war and the war on technology are typical examples as suchUsing the method of comparative capitalism and political economy, this article examines different characteristics of digital economic variants in China and the US and their relationship with both conflicts and cooperationIt explores the future form and changes regarding the governing path of global digital economy and its possible impact on the new round of globalization.
  

  
  
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  On the Measurement of the Unified National  Market for Factors

  YANG Yupu, ZHANG Zhongwen, WEI Chu

  2025, 39(5): 88-103.

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  The advancement of marketdriven factor allocation constitutes a fundamental imperative for establishing a unified, open, and competitive market systemAs an integral component of Chinas socialist market economy refinement, this process plays a pivotal role in upholding and enhancing the socialist economic systemThe scientific measurement of the construction progress of the unified national market for factors is valuable in terms of both its academic research and policy guidanceTo this end, this article constructs a conceptual framework for the unified national market for factors and proposes a mathematical model that integrates marketdriven allocation with governmentled integrationThis article constructs an empirical index revealing Chinas developmental pattern from 1990 to 2022: transitioning from reformdriven openness to opennesspromoted reform, and then to a deepened reform countering antiglobalization trendsThis article also explores the decomposition of driving factors behind the unified national market for factors, analyzing contributions from market allocation, market integration, labor, and capitalThe benefits of construction of the unified national market for factors were simulated and it is found that the construction of theunified national market for factors could increase the total output by 2429%Further analysis finds that the reform needs to follow the principles of coordinated progress and to adapt the measures to local conditions.
  

  
  
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  On Normative Criteria for the Objects of Constitutionality Review

  ZHU Xuelei

  2025, 39(5): 104-115.

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  For the authority of constitutionality review, it is necessary to establish scientific and reasonable criteria in order to identify the objects of constitutionality review from various kinds of controversial behaviorsIn investigating the experiences abroad and analyzing Chinas related legal provisions, the criteria for the identification of the objects of constitutionality review can be refined to the normative and the factual onesBecause the normative criteria are more certain and stable, they are more suitable for being theoretically analyzed and constructedChinas normative criteria for the identification of the objects of constitutionality review include three elementsFirstly, the controversial behaviors should be publicpower behaviors in nature and the behaviors of private subjects should be excludedSecondly, the objects of constitutionality review should be reviewable and they do not belong to political questions that are not subject to reviewAs a result, the constitution of the Communist Party of China and the normative documents formulated by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China should also be excludedFinally, the mechanisms of legality review for the objects of constitutionality review should have been exhaustedTaking judicial interpretations review as an example, it is obvious that applying normative criteria to identify the objects of constitutionality review can lead to more accurate conclusions.
  

  
  
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  On the Functional Structure and the Path for Improvement of the Systems and Regulations for the Party's Self-reform

  ZHAO Weizhong

  2025, 39(5): 116-131.

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  The improvement of the systems and regulations for the Partys selfreform is a major proposition of improving the systems for the full and rigorous Party selfgovernance in the new eraIn order to improve the systems and regulations for the Partys selfreform, we must first thoroughly examine their foundational structure, the proposition of the Partylaw relationship, and analyze how they differ from both the related national legal systems and the framework of intraParty regulationsThe main function of the systems and regulations for the Partys selfreform is to guarantee the leadership of the Party, especially the centralized, unified leadership of the Partys Central CommitteeSecondly, based on the historical logic and the normative implications of the “two responsibilities” in the full and rigorous Party selfgovernance, the current systems and regulations for the Partys selfreform are classified into two categories: systems of management and supervisionFinally, the corresponding path for improvement should be formed to maintain the Partys unified principle as the value context and to accelerate the improvement of the systems and regulations for the centralized, unified leadership of the PartyIt should be guided by the practical effectiveness to strengthen the implementation of education system of ideological learning, and to improve the construction of a political oversight mechanism based on standardized principles.
  
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  On the Thought of Comity and the Difference between Confucianism and Daoism in Early China

  LIU Zengguang

  2025, 39(5): 132-141.

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  The concept of comity is an important notion deeply rooted in Chinese cultureIn exploring this concept from a philosophical perspective, we find that there existed a tradition of valuing compromise among the sages in Zhou rites and musicThe notion of compromise is closely related to the political practice in Zhou ritual systemTherefore, it is inappropriate to summarize the main idea of the Laozi as modestly compromise rather than humility and deference mentioned in the ZhuangziThe Laozi advocates humility and noncontention as the application and embodiment of the DaoConfucius, on the other hand, advocates“ritual compromise”but places a stronger emphasis on benevolence to encompass ritesThese two traditions are both deeply influenced by the Zhou tradition of ritual compromiseHowever, Laozis Dao is based on the philosophical contemplation of the natural world as a whole and his dialectical way of thinking breaks through the ritualistic mode of thinking relying on rites to guide ones words and deedsThe characteristic of the Dao is spontaneous and effortless without strictly adhering to ritesWhile Confucius advocates the Dao of benevolence and ritual compromise, he does not regard compromise as the highest aimBoth Confucianism and Daoism have transcended the Zhou tradition of valuing compromise in their reflections on the Zhou cultureThe point of Confuciuss taking Taibos comity as the supreme virtue and that of Laozis taking the indisputable virtue as the supreme goodness show the inherent complexity of the coexistence of inheritance and criticism and that of continuity and breakthrough in the breakthrough of Chinese thought in the Axial Period.
  

  
  
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  Two Historical Approaches to and a New Transcendental Interpretation on Tao Yuanmings Poetry Sequence“On Shape, Shadow, and Souls”

  LI Jianfeng

  2025, 39(5): 142-150.

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  Since the Tang and the Song, the understanding of Tao Yuanmings poetry sequence “On Shape, Shadow, and Souls” mainly follows a oneway approach focusing on the souls denial of the shape and the shadowThe Qing scholar Fang Zongcheng offers a twoway interpretation that also takes into account the interpretation of the implicit rationality of the shape and the shadowThe twoway interpretation is superior to the oneway approach, but it is limited to the scope of ConfucianismIf we examine the influence of transcendental thinking based on Wang Bis annotation to the Laozi and the Zhouyi, the commissioning and multiplication of the souls in the poem of “On Shape, Shadow and Souls”is exactly the specific performance of the transcendental concept of“holding the basic to unify the ends”The souls deny the excessive indulgence of alcohol and lewdness without denying drinking and entertainment; the shadow deliberately seeks fame without denying doing goodThe souls claim represents the state of unifying with the form and the shadow without being separated from the specificities of the shape and the shadowThis is the embodiment of the harmonious thinking of the Zhouyi different from the old saying that denies the image and abstracts the souls.
  

  
  
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  How Do Historical Narratives Configure Memory? An Exploration of Paul Ricoeur's Theory on Memory

  XIAO Wenting

  2025, 39(5): 151-159.

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  With the rise of New Historicism and interdisciplinary narratives, storytelling has increasingly become a shared attribute of history and literature“Historical narrative”has transcended the boundaries of historical research, emerging as a significant concept within literary studiesHowever, scholars from both China and the West often focus predominantly on epistemological debates concerning the factual or fictional nature of historical narratives, while rarely exploring the fundamental mechanisms underlying their“appearance of authenticity”Paul Ricoeur argues that the representation of historical narrative generates memoryimage“verisimilitude”to configure memoryThe key mechanism lies in the visibility engendered by the readability of historical narrative, that is, through narrative coherence, historical narrative actualizes present representations of absent things and affirms that past things have been thereCertainly, this visibility of historical representation can merely“stand for”reality, and the fictionalizing strategies inherent in historical narrative may also erode its claim to authenticityOnly by means beyond representation itself can the“authority”of such images be maximally secured.