“社区”是非物质文化遗产概念的必要组成要素，也是非物质文化遗产项目获得认定的必要条件。过去非物质文化遗产保护实践中存在对社区参与、社区认同重视不够的弊端，近年来该问题在国际非物质文化遗产保护领域已引起高度关注。联合国教科文组织《保护非物质文化遗产伦理原则》已做出关于非物质文化遗产保护工作中以社区为中心的明确阐述和具体规定，其中大部分内容是关于社区认同问题的表述。我国政府应该高度重视该文件，并制定出适合我国国情的落实该文件的更为切实的工作细则。

“Community” is an essential component of the basic concept of intangible cultural heritage as well as a necessary condition for the recognition of intangible cultural heritage projectsIn the past, scant attention has been paid to community participation and community identity in the practice of safeguarding intangible cultural heritageInternationally, however, great concern has been drawn to these issues in recent years in the field of safeguarding intangible cultural heritageThe Ethical Principles for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO has made clear expositions and specific provisions about the principle of community as a central role, most of which are related to community identity problemsThe Chinese government should attach great importance to this document, and proceeding from our national conditions, work out more practical rules for the implementation of the document