转基因技术是一项充满风险的技术,人们对它的大规模应用产生了极大的不安和焦虑,并在科学上和伦理上引起了全球范围的争议。人们对转基因技术的伦理争论主要涉及仁慈、不伤害、自主、正义、尊重自然等伦理原则。由于对这些伦理原则的诉求导致了相互矛盾的实践意涵,因而使人们的争论陷入了困境。走出这种困境的方法,一是对人们所援引的伦理原则进行价值排序,一是把预防原则作为制定相关政策的决策伦理。

Transgenic technology is a kind of risky technology.Its intensive applications,on one hand,result in huge unease and anxieties;on the other hand,bring about political and ethical debates globally.The ethical debates mainly involve such principles: benevolence,no harm,autonomy,justice and respect for nature.Appeal to those principles leads to contradictory practical implications and thus puts people in predicament.The solution to this predicament is to prioritize these ethical principles,and take precautionary principle as the ethical guideline for policy-making correspondingly.