研究资本的有效税收负担问题,对保持经济持续发展的税收政策调整、税收体制改革具有重要的现实意义。资本的有效税收负担有两种衡量办法:一是平均有效税负,体现的是资本税收对资本收益的影响;二是边际有效税负,体现的是边际税收楔子思想。实证分析结果表明,我国资本平均有效税负在5%~6%之间,资本的边际有效税负在24%~27%之间。由于我国的经济发展仍需要依靠增加投资来维持较高的增长速度,因此,影响投资意愿和投资规模的资本边际税负略显偏高。

On the foundation of the concept of marginal tax wedge,this article distinguishes the different targets and calculating methods of the capital average effective tax rates and marginal effective tax rates,sets up the calculating expressions of capital average and marginal effective tax rates according to China economy and tax practice,and positively analyzes China's capital tax effective burdens and gets the conclusion that China's capital average tax effective rates are between 5%～6%,and capital marginal tax effective rates are between 24%～27%.