1979年以来,世界范围内出现了养老社会保险私有化的思潮及实践。这一思潮在理论上夸大了公共年金制度存在的问题,同时也夸大了个人账户制度在效率和保障等方面的作用,私有化思潮将公共年金与个人账户对立起来,并将其看做是一个非A即B的选择。30年来二十余国的私有化改革并没有取得预期的成果,相反,个人账户制度面临种种困难。实践表明,社会养老保险制度的问题并不能靠私有化来解决,对公共年金制度进行参量改革可能比私有化更有效。

This article reviews the world-wide ideological trend and its practice on social security privatization since 1979,and argues that the thoughts on social security privatization theoretically overstated the problems of public pension plans and the benefits of individal accounts on its efficiency and security.Thoughts on social security privatization put pension plans and individal accounts into absolute opposition and views them as a non-coexist choice.Ironically,the social security privatization reforms in some 20 countries since the late 30 years didn't turn out to be as successful as expected,and the indivial accounts has encountered various embarrassments.The article concludes that the parametric reforms on public pension plans could work better than the privatization solutions.