在辨析按需分配、按德分配、按才分配、按贡献分配、平等分配等各种社会公正理论的基础上,可以确立:(1)社会公正的实在原则:贡献是权利的实在源泉和依据,社会分配给一个人的权利应该与他的贡献成正比,而与他的义务相等;(2)社会公正的潜在原则:德与才是职务等权利的潜在源泉和依据,社会应该用人如器,根据每个人所具有的品德与才能的性质而分配与其相应的职务等权利。

This paper attempts to establish two principles of social justice by analyzing various social justice theories,namely,distribution based on one's needs,on one's virtues,on one's abilities,on one's contributions,and distribution based on equality.The two principles are as follows:(1)The substantial principle:the real source that determines one's interests is the contribution that person makes.Distribution should be in line with the amount of contribution one makes and responsibility one fulfills.(2)The potential principle of social justice:one's virtues and abilities are the potential basis on which designation of his position rests.A person's position and interests,then,should be measured against his virtues and abilities.